美得不要不要的字母风景画,竟然是200年前的作品!

　　欢迎打开凌哥英语（Linglish）！想当年读大学的时候，凌哥也是选修美术的，有网友也见到过凌哥的钢笔画吧？实在献丑啦！尤其是与下面的黑白风景画相比，凌哥的画，扔在地上也没人捡了。

　　这组唯美的字母风景画是英国艺术家Charles Joseph Hullmandel（1789-1850）的平版印刷（Lithograph）作品。现收藏于大英博物馆。

（以下汉字部分为凌哥所译。）

Letter A: upper part composed of three figures around a fire at the edge of a slope to small pond, forming the lower part of the letter; outline by trees. 

字母A：上半部分是三个人围坐在坡上火堆旁。坡下是一个水塘，组成了字母的下半部分。四周轮廓是树木。

Letter B: a vista on level country, outlined by trees and branches and the edge of a rise with two figures as the bottom part of the letter. 

字母B：平原乡村的景色，四周是树木和树枝。字母下部有两人在一块高地边缘。

Letter C: a castle on cliffs on the left; waves of the sea shaping the lower curve, clouds the upper one. 

字母C：左侧的悬崖上有一座城堡；字母下部是海涛，上部是云朵。

Letter D: a semi-circular landscape scene with mountains in right distance; a crag with trees shaping the left outline of the letter. 

字母D：半圆形的风景。右侧远处层峦叠嶂；左侧峭壁上树木丛生。

Letter E: a ruinous gate, the right part of its arch broken, a tree on the left stretching to the right and two men standing on the right pointing at the ruin. 

字母E：残破的城门。右侧是断裂的拱门；左侧一棵树朝右侧生长；右侧有两个人指点着残破城门。

Letter F: a tree trunk and two branches stretching to the right at the top and in the middle. 

字母F：一棵树干，顶部和中部两簇枝桠朝右方伸出。

Letter G: a country road winding in a curve to the right with a horse-and-cart at its end, and sided on the left with trees, their branches shaping the upper curve of the letter. 

字母G：一驾马车在向右蜿蜒的乡间小道上前行，左侧树及其枝桠构成字母的弧形。

Letter H: two rocks at a lake connected by a bridge crossed by a figure and a cow. 

字母H：湖两侧的岩石间一座小桥，一人牵牛而过。

Letter I: a country road with three figures, one on horseback, sided by trees as left outline, and meandering up to a castle as upper end of the letter.

字母I：一行三人在乡间小路上前往上端的城堡，其中一人骑着马。一棵树强化着字母左侧的轮廓。

Letter J: bottom curve formed of a lake with two fishermen standing on the left, right outline shaped by a rock with small waterfalls and surmounted with trees stretching to the left. 

字母J：底部弧形是一个湖面，左侧有两个钓鱼人；右侧是石崖，有一小瀑布和一些向左伸展的树木。

Letter K: two trees growing on each side of a river, crossing over it; surrounded with reed at the bottom forming the serifs. 

字母K：河两侧的两棵树交叉而生，河畔的芦苇形成字体的衬线部分。

Letter L: a seascape with a cliff and flying gulls as left outline, the sea shaping the bottom outline, a sailing boat as serif on the right. 

字母L：左侧轮廓是由悬崖和飞翔的海鸥组成的海景，下方是海面，右侧的帆船构成衬线。

Letter M: composed of willows and a spruce growing at a pond with ducks on the left; the branches growing into opposite directions outlining the two triangles of the letter. 

字母M：小湖边的杨柳和云杉组成主体，枝条朝相反方向伸出形成字母的两个尖角，池塘左侧是一些鸭子。

Letter N: composed of a triangular shaped ruin to left and a tree to right, located at a river or lake. 

字母N：湖畔或河畔，左侧是一处三角形的废墟，右侧是一棵树。

Letter O: a river as bottom part of the oval, sided by a rock on the left and a tree on the right, its branches growing to the left forming the upper outline of the oval. 

字母O：椭圆底部是河流，左侧是石岸，右侧是一棵树，树枝往右伸展成为椭圆的上部轮廓。

Letter P: a tree with two branches growing to the right and connected by a man, standing on the lower branch, clinging unto the upper. 

字母P：一棵树，两簇枝条往右生长，通过一个人连接起来。人站在下面的枝条上，紧抓着上面的枝条。

Letter Q: bottom composed of a river winding from right to left and a stone bridge spanning over it from left to right shore; outlined at left and right by hills with trees. 字母Q：下方是一条由左向右的河流，一座石桥横跨其上，左右两侧是葱郁的山坡。

Letter R: a ruinous wall with arch and pointed window above it, a shepherd herding sheep and cows through the arch. 

字母R：一段有尖顶窗和拱门的断墙残垣。牧羊人赶着牛羊穿过拱门。

Letter S: composed of two sailing boats one on distant left, one in foreground carried to the right by a wave, and of clouds and seagulls above. 

字母S：一近一远的两艘帆船。前景中的帆船被波浪抛向右侧。上方是云和海鸥。

Letter T: a tree with a flat treetop spreading to left and right, two stags to the foot of the tree trunk. 

字母T：一棵树，平的树冠向左右延伸。树下有两头牡鹿。

Letter U: a valley with rocks on the left and trees on right side and a figure on horseback in between. 

字母U：山谷中，左侧是岩石，右侧是树木，中间一人骑马伫立。

Letter V: composed of a wood with a clearing at its centre, stags lying or standing on the lawn. 

字母V：林间空地中间的草坪上，牡鹿或站或卧。

Letter W: a ruinous mossy pointed arch in landscape, flanked by two trees growing in opposite directions. 

字母W：一座长满青苔的残破拱门。两侧各有一棵树，往左右生长。

Letter X: composed of a small hill, sunlit on the left side and surmounted with trees growing into opposite directions; hares at the foot of the hill. 

字母X：一座小山，阳光照耀在其左侧。山上有树木朝相反方向生长。小山脚下有野兔。

Letter Y: Two juxtaposed trees, growing at a river and stretching into opposite directions; two cows in front of trees, the right one drinking out of the river. 

字母Y：河边两棵并排生长的树，上端朝相反方向伸展。树前面有两头牛，右侧的一头在河中饮水。

Letter Z: composed of a pond at bottom, from which some steps lead up to a small hut over which a tree is stretching to the left. 

字母Z：下方是池塘，由台阶拾级而上可到达一座木屋。山坡上有一棵树往左伸展笼罩在木屋上方。

（源网页：http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/collection_object_details/collection_image_gallery.aspx?partid=1&assetid=1067319001&objectid=3402039）

【作者简介】

Charles Joseph Hullmandel (15 June 1789 -- 15 November 1850) was born in London, where he maintained a lithographic establishment in Great Marlborough Street from about 1819 until his death.

Hullmandel was one of the most important figures in the development of British lithography in the first half of the 19th century, and his name appears on the imprints of thousands of lithographic prints. He developed a method for reproducing gradations in tones and for creating the effect of soft colour washes, which enabled the printed reproduction of Romantic landscape paintings of the type made popular in England by J. M. W. Turner. Hullmandel's essay The Art of Drawing on Stone (1824) was an important handbook of lithography. In 1843 he went into partnership with Joseph Fowell Walton (1812 -- after 1863), a cousin of the landscape artist and lithographer W. L. Walton, the firm then becoming known as Hullmandel & Walton.

查尔斯·约瑟夫·赫尔曼德尔（1789.6.15 -- 1850.11.15）生于伦敦。自1819年起在伦敦大万宝路街营运一家平版印刷工坊直至离世。

在19世纪前半叶的英国平版印刷发展中，赫尔曼德尔是最重要的人物。他的名字出现在数千平版印刷制品的页面中。他研发了一种印刷方法，可以再现色调过渡并创造出柔和的水彩效果。通过这种方法，可以再现J. M. W.特纳带入英国并流行起来的罗马风景画的绘画风格。赫尔曼德尔的论文《石上绘画艺术》（1824）是平版印刷的重要手册。（注：余下省略不译）

（源网页：https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Joseph_Hullmandel）

　　这么漂亮的图画，在英语节上让孩子们看一看，一定会让他们惊叹的。

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者无知己。

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